GLP-1 MDL & Litigation Milestones (2025)

Key filings, court orders, and procedural shifts shaping the GLP-1 litigation in 2025. Counts are for MDL 3094 unless noted.

Filing Counts & Growth

  • Dec 5, 2025: MDL approaches ~3,000 cases; NAION filings accelerating.
  • Nov 3, 2025: 2,914 cases; +100 in October.
  • Oct 1, 2025: 2,809 cases; +133 in September.
  • Sep 2, 2025: 2,676 cases; nearly +500 in August alone.
  • Aug 1, 2025: 2,190 cases filed.
  • Jul 1, 2025: 1,997 cases filed.

Key Court Orders & Motions

  • Oct 31, 2025: Court sets schedule — expert discovery due Mar 27, 2026; summary judgment by Apr 16, 2026; first bellwethers expected mid-2026.
  • Sep 6, 2025: Judge Gene E.K. Marston clarifies allowed claims: NAION (optic nerve ischemia) and objectively confirmed gastroparesis.
  • Aug 19, 2025: Plaintiffs alleging gastroparesis must provide gastric emptying studies; claims without objective testing may be excluded.
  • Sep 11, 2025: Lilly moves to centralize all NAION vision-loss cases into MDL 3094 (or a parallel MDL).

Enforcement & Industry Actions

  • Aug 4, 2025: Novo Nordisk sues 12 defendants, including pharmacies, over compounded semaglutide products sold without FDA approval.

Why It Matters

  • Scope expansion: Litigation is shifting from GI-only claims toward NAION vision-loss allegations.
  • Evidence threshold: Gastric emptying studies now essential for gastroparesis claims.
  • Trial horizon: Bellwether trials targeted for late 2026–early 2027.